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The ancient Egyptian architects and craftsmen
used the triangular level and plumb level to
ensure that all building surfaces were smooth
and perfectly aligned. From the tomb of
Sennedjem came a set of these tools, including a
royal cubit rod, a triangle level, two plumb
levels, two right squares, and several other
pieces. Sennedjem may have used these
instruments to help build and decorate the tombs
of Seti I and Ramesses II in the Valley of the
Kings, as well as his own splendid burial place.
This triangle level is constructed of two
diagonal pieces of wood joined at right angle,
with a short horizontal piece running between
these two. The plumb bob in the shape of a heart
is suspended by a string from the top of the
right angle, when the level is placed on a flat
surface, the string of the plumb would fall
exactly in the middle of the marks incised in
the center of the horizontal piece. If the
surface were not properly aligned, the plumb
would then indicate the necessary corrections.
The inscription that runs around the triangle
asks the god Ptah and Re-Horakhty-Atum-Hemiunu
for burial and benefits in the afterlife for the
ba of Sennedjem. (The Egyptian Museum,
Cairo) |