Delta farmers take a tea break near a water wheel. The Nile Delta is one of the world's largest river deltas, from Alexandria in the west to Port Said in the east, it covers some 240 km of Mediterranean coastline, and is a rich agricultural region. From north to south the delta is approximately 160 km in length. People have lived in the Nile Delta region for thousands of years, and have been intensively farming for at least five thousand years.