From early times until the Roman period, the broad
collar, called
usekh, "broad," continued to
be a regular item in Egyptian funerary equipment,
though sometimes only as a model. The extent to
which importance was attached to it in the New
Kingdom may be judged from the fact that no fewer
than eleven
usekh collars were laid on the
mummy of Tutankhamun, separated by bandages or
sheets of
papyrus. Eight of these collars, made of
single sheets of gold, were rigid, and three, made
of multiple gold elements, were flexible. One of the
flexible collars represents the vulture of
Nekhbet,
another the winged cobra of
Wadjet, and the third
the falcon of
Horus. It is the falcon collar that is
illustrated here. It was placed over the middle of
the thorax, the tail reaching downwards to the navel
and the tips of the wings lying over the clavicles.
Apart from the wings, the various members f the body
of the bird are joined in one piece, with polychrome
glass inlays to imitate the feathers, and obsidian
inlays to mark the beak and eye. Each of the
delicately chased talons holds a
shen sign
inlaid with blue and red glass. The wings are
composed of thirty-eight gold plaques, all inlaid
with polychrome glass in the manner of cloisonne-work;
they vary in shape and decoration according to the
position in the wings that they occupy. Each plaque
is provided with tiny eyelets for connection by
means of thread, which gave the wings their
flexibility. A floral-shaped counterpoise (
mankhet),
inlaid with colored glass, was threaded on a gold
wire necklace attached to the wings and hung down
below the nape of the neck.