The small circumference of this bracelet suggests
that it was made for Tutankhamun when he was a
child. Nevertheless, it agrees very closely in size
with the bracelets that were placed on the forearms
of his mummy and were though by
Carter to have been
worn by the king in his lifetime. It was found in
the cartouche-shaped box that contained several
other objects, including the fine pair of earrings
which also seem to have been personal possessions.
The bracelet's central feature is a gold openwork
scarab encrusted with lapis lazuli. On each side is
a narrow raised band composed of gold, lapis lazuli,
turquoise, quartz, and carnelian inlay, bordered on
the inner edge with gold granules. The bands are
continued on the back of the hoop. Two identical
botanical ornaments flank the scarab, each
consisting of a mandrake fruit supported by two
poppy buds, with gold marguerites filling the
interstices between the stems of the mandrake and
the buds. The yellow and green colors of the
mandrakes are painted at the back of the translucent
quartz inlay. Both the hinge and the fastening are
made of interlocking cylindrical teeth held together
by long gold pins, the hinge pin being fixed and the
other movable.
The
ancient Egyptians adopted the scarab (Ateuchus
sacer) as a symbol of the sun-god because they
were familiar with the sight of the beetle rolling a
ball of dung on the ground and this action suggested
to them that the invisible power that rolled the sun
daily across the sky could be represented
pictorially as a scarab. Moreover, they had noticed
that the young beetle emerged from a ball of dung by
what they imagined to be an autogenic process, so
that a further parallel was seen between this
creature and the sun-god, who was also credited with
having created himself. In reality the ball of dung
rolled by the scarab is only a reserve supply of
food that it hides in a convenient crevice, whereas
the ball containing the egg is pear-shaped and is
never moved from the burrow in which it is placed by
the female. In the Egyptian language the words for
the scarab and for existence were identical (kheper), and the name of the sun-god, on his first appearance
every morning, was Khopri. In hieroglyphic writing
the scarab sign was used for all three words.
In spite of black being the color of the scarab
in nature, the Egyptians seldom copied it in their
reproductions, perhaps because there was no native
semi-precious stone of that color, and obsidian was
not easily obtainable. Quite exceptionally, however,
two scarabs placed on Tutankhamun's mummy were made
of black resin. Glazed specimens were usually green
or light blue, and it is clear that no importance
was attached to reproducing an exact likeness of the
living beetle. Lapis lazuli, the material used for
most of the scarabs in Tutankhamun's collection of
jewelry, has not been found in Egypt, the nearest
source know at present being Badakhshan in the
northeast of Afghanistan.